{"id":1468,"date":"2021-04-24T00:41:31","date_gmt":"2021-04-23T21:41:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/persona.qcri.org\/blog\/?p=1468"},"modified":"2023-11-03T09:39:37","modified_gmt":"2023-11-03T06:39:37","slug":"how-to-create-personas-steps-using-the-qualitative-quantitative-or-mixed-method-approach","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/persona.qcri.org\/blog\/how-to-create-personas-steps-using-the-qualitative-quantitative-or-mixed-method-approach\/","title":{"rendered":"How to Create Personas: Steps Using the Qualitative, Quantitative, or Mixed Method Approach"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Personas have broad applicability for digital innovation, giving their applicability for human centered user, customer, and audience understanding in activities such as product development, design, testing, content creation, and marketing.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><strong><em>It is important that a persona is fictional (not an actual individual) yet realistic (based on real data from actual users).<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The persona technique has inherent advantages relative to other user analytics techniques, in that persona provides a human face to \u201ccold\u201d numbers, among others. Personas can also be used in conjunction with these other techniques.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1469\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1469\" style=\"width: 983px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1469\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/persona.qcri.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/persona_creation_steps.png?resize=983%2C528&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Strengths and Weaknesses of Persona Creation Methods: Guidelines for Novice and Experienced Users\" width=\"983\" height=\"528\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/persona.qcri.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/persona_creation_steps.png?w=983&amp;ssl=1 983w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/persona.qcri.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/persona_creation_steps.png?resize=300%2C161&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/persona.qcri.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/persona_creation_steps.png?resize=768%2C413&amp;ssl=1 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 983px) 100vw, 983px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1469\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.bernardjjansen.com\/uploads\/2\/4\/1\/8\/24188166\/0488.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Strengths and Weaknesses of Persona Creation Methods: Guidelines for Novice and Experienced Users<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>However, there is considerable plurality when it comes to persona creation methods, which may be confusing, especially those new to personas but even to those more experienced.<\/p>\n<p>These methods can be grouped into three primary approaches of persona creation, which are <a href=\"https:\/\/persona.qcri.org\/blog\/qualitative-personas-strengths-and-weaknesses\/\">qualitative<\/a>, quantitative, and <a href=\"https:\/\/persona.qcri.org\/blog\/mixed-methods-personas-strengths-and-weaknesses\/\">mixed methods<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>To help navigate and apply, we present the major steps in each of these three primary approaches of persona creation.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Qualitative<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Step 1: Decide the purpose: <\/strong>Decide the purpose(s) of the use of personas.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Step 2: Gather data: <\/strong>Conduct manual data collection via interviews, focus groups, surveys, etc. to gather data concerning users. Data can include demographics, behaviors, goals, pain points, etc.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Step 3: Analyze the data: <\/strong>Analyze the collected data to identify trends, typically via mostly qualitative methods (e.g., grounded theory).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Step 4: Identify archetype users:<\/strong> From the results of data analysis, identify user segments.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Step 5: Create persona profiles:<\/strong> Enhance personas with name, picture, topics of interest, quotes, etc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Quantitative<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Step 1: Decide the purpose: <\/strong>Decide the purpose(s) of the use of personas.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Step 2: Gather data:<\/strong> Gather the data via automatic means from analytics platforms or from other sources such as surveys and CRM systems. Data will typically contain both demographics and behavioral attributes.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Step 3: Analyze the data:<\/strong> Analyze the collected data to identify trends, typically via quantitative or algorithmic methods.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Step 4: Identify archetype users: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/persona.qcri.org\/blog\/quantitative-personas-strengths-and-weaknesses\/\">The quantitative or algorithmic method<\/a> will generally result in a specific number of user segments.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Step 5: Create persona profiles:<\/strong> Enhance personas with name, picture, topics of interest, quotes, etc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Mixed-Methods<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Step 1: Decide the purpose: <\/strong>Decide the purpose(s) of the use of personas.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Step 2: Gather data:<\/strong> Gather the data generally via automatic means from analytics platforms or from other sources such as surveys and CRM systems. Identify shortfalls and enrich via qualitative methods (or vice versa).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Step 3: Analyze the data:<\/strong> Analyze the collected data to identify trends, using a mix of qualitative, quantitative, and\/or algorithmic methods.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Step 4: Identify archetype users:<\/strong> Identify the specific number of user segments of current users and\/or target users.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Step 5: Create persona profiles:<\/strong> Enhance personas with name, picture, topics of interest, quotes, etc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>For the full article, see:<\/p>\n<p>Jansen, B. J., Jung, S.G., Salminen, J., Nielsen, L., and Guan, K.W. (2021)\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.bernardjjansen.com\/uploads\/2\/4\/1\/8\/24188166\/0488.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Strengths and Weaknesses of Persona Creation Methods: Guidelines for Novice and Experienced Users<\/a>. 54th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS 2021) Koloa, Hawaii, United States. 5-8 Jan. 2021. p.\u00a04971-4980.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Personas have broad applicability for digital innovation, giving their applicability for human centered user, customer, and audience understanding in activities such as product development, design, testing, content creation, and marketing. It is important that a persona is fictional (not an actual individual) yet realistic (based on real data from actual users). The persona technique has [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>How to Create Personas: Steps Using the Qualitative, Quantitative, or Mixed Method Approach &#8211; The Persona Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/persona.qcri.org\/blog\/how-to-create-personas-steps-using-the-qualitative-quantitative-or-mixed-method-approach\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"How to Create Personas: Steps Using the Qualitative, Quantitative, or Mixed Method Approach &#8211; The Persona Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Personas have broad applicability for digital innovation, giving their applicability for human centered user, customer, and audience understanding in activities such as 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It is important that a persona is fictional (not an actual individual) yet realistic (based on real data from actual users). The persona technique has [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/persona.qcri.org\/blog\/how-to-create-personas-steps-using-the-qualitative-quantitative-or-mixed-method-approach\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"The Persona Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-04-23T21:41:31+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-11-03T06:39:37+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/persona.qcri.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/persona_creation_steps.png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Jim Jansen\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Jim Jansen\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/persona.qcri.org\/blog\/how-to-create-personas-steps-using-the-qualitative-quantitative-or-mixed-method-approach\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/persona.qcri.org\/blog\/how-to-create-personas-steps-using-the-qualitative-quantitative-or-mixed-method-approach\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Jim Jansen\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/persona.qcri.org\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/27d3999853d82c7a10b08504351811f5\"},\"headline\":\"How to Create Personas: Steps Using the Qualitative, Quantitative, or Mixed Method Approach\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-04-23T21:41:31+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-11-03T06:39:37+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/persona.qcri.org\/blog\/how-to-create-personas-steps-using-the-qualitative-quantitative-or-mixed-method-approach\/\"},\"wordCount\":517,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/persona.qcri.org\/blog\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/persona.qcri.org\/blog\/how-to-create-personas-steps-using-the-qualitative-quantitative-or-mixed-method-approach\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/persona.qcri.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/persona_creation_steps.png\",\"keywords\":[\"10 steps to personas\",\"and do?\",\"apg\",\"auto persona\",\"benefits of empathy mapping\",\"construction personas\",\"create a persona profile\",\"create buyer persona hubspot\",\"create persona online\",\"create personas\",\"create personas online\",\"create user persona online free\",\"create user personas online\",\"creating a persona\",\"creating personas\",\"custom segments may be created using which criteria\",\"data driven persona\",\"data personas\",\"data-driven personas\",\"empathy mapping example\",\"feel\",\"how to create a buyer persona hubspot\",\"how to create a persona\",\"how to create a persona for ux\",\"how to create a persona profile\",\"how to create a user persona\",\"how to create an online persona\",\"how to create buyer personas\",\"how to create marketing personas for private schools\",\"how to create personas\",\"how to create personas ux\",\"how to create user personas\",\"how to make a persona\",\"how to make personas\",\"how to make personas ux\",\"https:\/\/www.hubspot.com\/make-my-persona\",\"hubspot create persona\",\"hubspot make my persona\",\"hubspot make my persona tool\",\"hubspot persona maker\",\"hubspot.com\/make-my-persona\",\"make a persona\",\"make my buyer persona\",\"make my persona\",\"make my persona by hubspot\",\"make my persona hubspot\",\"on what are personas typically based\",\"online persona creator\",\"persona behaviors\",\"persona creation\",\"persona creation tool\",\"persona creator\",\"persona design\",\"persona development\",\"persona generator\",\"persona mapping\",\"persona mapping example\",\"persona modeling tool\",\"persona software development\",\"persona system\",\"persona tool\",\"personas and customer journey mapping\",\"say\",\"user persona generator\",\"user persona interview questions\",\"user personas and branding how to create a buyer persona that resonates\",\"user personas are created during this phase\",\"what are the three types of segments you can create in hubspot?\",\"where do you capture what your personas think\"],\"articleSection\":[\"HCI and personas\",\"HCI and personas analytics\",\"HCI audience understanding\",\"Persona Creation\",\"Persona Design\",\"Persona Development\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/persona.qcri.org\/blog\/how-to-create-personas-steps-using-the-qualitative-quantitative-or-mixed-method-approach\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/persona.qcri.org\/blog\/how-to-create-personas-steps-using-the-qualitative-quantitative-or-mixed-method-approach\/\",\"name\":\"How to Create Personas: Steps Using the Qualitative, Quantitative, or Mixed Method Approach &#8211; 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He is a graduate of West Point and has a Ph.D. in computer science from Texas A&amp;M University, along with master degrees from Texas A&amp;M (computer science) and Troy State (international relations). 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