{"id":1462,"date":"2021-04-22T11:58:30","date_gmt":"2021-04-22T08:58:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/persona.qcri.org\/blog\/?p=1462"},"modified":"2023-11-03T09:43:29","modified_gmt":"2023-11-03T06:43:29","slug":"factors-of-selecting-optimal-number-of-personas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/persona.qcri.org\/blog\/factors-of-selecting-optimal-number-of-personas\/","title":{"rendered":"Factors of selecting optimal number of personas"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Our team has been working on the question of <a href=\"https:\/\/persona.qcri.org\/blog\/how-many-personas-to-create-and-why-its-probably-more-than-what-you-think\/\">how many personas to create<\/a> for a while now. It&#8217;s an elusive questions that keeps us searching for a final answer that may not be out there.<\/p>\n<p>Regardless, we have been able to identify some factors relevant to this question. In this post, I&#8217;ll briefly go through these factors.<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>They are:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Technical optimality<\/li>\n<li>User experience (UX) optimality<\/li>\n<li>Task optimality<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Technical optimality deals with the question, &#8220;does the data contain a lot or little variability?&#8221;. The more variability there is, the more personas are needed to adequately represent the data.<\/p>\n<p>UX optimality deals with the question, &#8220;can the chosen persona medium deliver many or few personas in an efficient way?&#8221;. If personas are presented as A4 prints or posters, then it is difficult to have many personas because they would quickly become unmanageable to designers.<\/p>\n<p>Taks optimality deals with the question, &#8220;are many or few personas needed for the job?&#8221;. Sometimes, practitioners want to focus on a specific persona (&#8220;give me one persona to design for&#8221;). Other times, they want to compare several personas (&#8220;give me all personas from Finland, so I can see their similarities and differences&#8221;).<\/p>\n<p>Ultimately, there may not necessarily exist a magical number of personas that should always be created. Nonetheless, the question matters. If restricting <a href=\"https:\/\/persona.qcri.org\/blog\/how-does-varying-the-number-of-personas-affect-user-perceptions-and-behavior-challenging-the-small-personas-hypothesis\/\">the number of personas<\/a> too low, we hamper the designer&#8217;s world-view, by excluding some groups that might be relevant. In contrast, if we present <a href=\"https:\/\/persona.qcri.org\/blog\/too-many-personas\/\">too many personas<\/a>, we may alienate the designer, who feels they are lost in complexity.<\/p>\n<p>People want simplicity, but at the same time they do no want to be fooled. To address this dilemma, we believe that tools are needed to help designers carve out a number that is just right for them &#8211; one that is faithful to the source data, manageable by using an interactive system, and works for the task at hand.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1465\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1465\" style=\"width: 625px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1465 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/persona.qcri.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/number-of-personas_dogs.png?resize=625%2C382&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"number of personas\" width=\"625\" height=\"382\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/persona.qcri.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/number-of-personas_dogs.png?w=625&amp;ssl=1 625w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/persona.qcri.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/number-of-personas_dogs.png?resize=300%2C183&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 625px) 100vw, 625px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1465\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>Figure 1.<\/strong>\u00a0Description of the dilemma of having fewer or more personas. Dimensionality reduction and clustering algorithms tend to reduce the user datasets to a small number of personas, which may reduce designer&#8217;s ability to see variety.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Our team has been working on the question of how many personas to create for a while now. It&#8217;s an elusive questions that keeps us searching for a final answer that may not be out there. Regardless, we have been able to identify some factors relevant to this question. In this post, I&#8217;ll briefly go [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[16,37,59,7,2],"tags":[523,33],"class_list":["post-1462","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-persona-creation","category-persona-design","category-persona-development","category-persona-research","category-personas","tag-optimal-number","tag-personas"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Factors of selecting optimal number of personas &#8211; The Persona Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/persona.qcri.org\/blog\/factors-of-selecting-optimal-number-of-personas\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Factors of selecting optimal number of personas &#8211; The Persona Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Our team has been working on the question of how many personas to create for a while now. It&#8217;s an elusive questions that keeps us searching for a final answer that may not be out there. Regardless, we have been able to identify some factors relevant to this question. In this post, I&#8217;ll briefly go [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/persona.qcri.org\/blog\/factors-of-selecting-optimal-number-of-personas\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"The Persona Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-04-22T08:58:30+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-11-03T06:43:29+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/persona.qcri.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/number-of-personas_dogs.png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Joni Salminen\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@jonintweet\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Joni Salminen\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/persona.qcri.org\/blog\/factors-of-selecting-optimal-number-of-personas\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/persona.qcri.org\/blog\/factors-of-selecting-optimal-number-of-personas\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Joni Salminen\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/persona.qcri.org\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/a27247804c613302571069953ae51336\"},\"headline\":\"Factors of selecting optimal number of personas\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-04-22T08:58:30+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-11-03T06:43:29+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/persona.qcri.org\/blog\/factors-of-selecting-optimal-number-of-personas\/\"},\"wordCount\":368,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/persona.qcri.org\/blog\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/persona.qcri.org\/blog\/factors-of-selecting-optimal-number-of-personas\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/persona.qcri.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/number-of-personas_dogs.png\",\"keywords\":[\"optimal number\",\"personas\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Persona Creation\",\"Persona Design\",\"Persona Development\",\"Persona Research\",\"Personas\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/persona.qcri.org\/blog\/factors-of-selecting-optimal-number-of-personas\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/persona.qcri.org\/blog\/factors-of-selecting-optimal-number-of-personas\/\",\"name\":\"Factors of selecting optimal number of personas &#8211; 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